Dental engine



(No Model.) 4 Sheets--Sheet 1.

A. J. MCDONALD.

WITNESSES fl/J ATTORNEY.

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 2. A. J. MCDONALD.

DENTAL ENGINE.

No. 604,837. Patented May 31,1898.

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W Y A. .1: Ma. .Dunnld,

fl/S ATTORNEY.

THE mims vzrzns co. PHoYo-uwo, WASHINGTON, n. c.

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet; 3. A. J.. MoDONALD.

DENTAL ENGINE. No. 604,837. Patented May 31,1898.

WITNESSES 1 A. J. Mm 13mm 1115., INVENTOR- fl/J ATTORNEY mr. mwms PETERSco, PHDYO-LlTHD-, \VASHWGTON, I10

4 Sheets-Sheet 4.

(No Model.)

m A M 0N DE 0L n N JB ID A No. 604,837. Patented May 31 1898.?

A. J: MCLDU mild,

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ARTHUR J. MCDONALD, OF KANSAS CITY, MISSOURI.

DENTAL ENGINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 604,837, dated May 31,1898.

Application filed May 11,1896. Serial No- 591,186. (No model.)

To (tZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ARTHUR J. MCDONALD, a citizen of the UnitedStates,residin g at Kansas City, in the county of Jackson and State ofMissouri, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in DentalEngines, of which the following is a specification, reference being hadtherein to the accompanying drawings.

My invention relates to improvements in dental engines.

The object of my invention is to provide, in a dental engine having arevoluble drivingshaft mounted in a suitable support, a novelconstruction of clutch by means of which the direction of rotation ofthe shaft may be changed, together with means for stopping the rotationof the said driving-shaft without stopping the motive power.

My invention further provides certain novel peculiarities ofconstruction which provide for the utilizing of various motor devices.

My invention further provides a vertical driving shaft, a tight and aloose pulley mounted upon the said shaft, a support in which the saidshaft is mounted, and means for changing the direction of thedriving-shafts rotation, the two pulleys being adapted to have africtional contact with each other, whereby the rotation of thedriving-shaft is governed by the loose pulley, all when combined, asdescribed, in a dental engine.

My invention consists, further, in novel features of constructionhereinafter fully described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, which illustrate my invention, Figure 1represents an elevation view and shows the engine provided with afoot-power driving mechanism. Fig. 2 represents a vertical sectionalview with a portion of the foot-power mechanism removed and sections ofthe vertical tube removed. A belt is shown connected with the loosepulley in this view. Fig. 3 represents a crosssection taken on thedotted line a b of Fig. 2 and having the driving-shaft and other partsremoved. Fig. 4 represents an elevation view of the clutch and shaftelevating mechanism and some of the parts connected With thedriving-shaft. In this view the upper end of the driving-shaft is shownin section, as is a portion of the vertical supportingtube.

Fig. 5 represents a vertical sectional view of the same parts shown inFig. 4:, the elevatinglever being, shown in elevation. Fig. 6 representsan elevation view of the same parts shown in Fig. 4, the two pulleysbeing shown in contact with each other. Fig. 7 represents a top view ofthe elevating-lever, the drivingshaft and the supporting-tube beingshown in cross-section. Fig. 8 represents a perspective "iew of theelevating-lever. Fig. 9 represents a plan view looking at the under sideof the plate in which is pivoted the driving-roller, which is acted uponby the loose pulley. Fig. 10 represents a horizontal sectional view ofthe elevating lever, tubular support, and driving-shaft. Fig. 11represents an elevation view of the base and the lower end of thetubular support, some of the parts connected with them being omitted. Inthis view in dotted lines is shown another position of the collar andstud on which is mounted the footpower driving-wheel.

Similar numerals of reference indicate similar parts throughout theseveral views.

1 indicates the base, which is cylindrical in form, closed at the top,and provided at its lower end with three radial feet 2. The base ishollow and has secured in any suitable manner in its lower end ahorizontal plate 3, which is detachable. In the center of the said plate3 is a vertical recess in which is stepped the lower end of the verticaldriving-shaft 4, the upper end of which is provided with a verticalopening in which may be secured the inner end of a flexible shaft 5, tothe outer end of which is adapted to be secured the handpiece ordinarilyused by the operator. Secured in any suitable manner in a verticalopening in the top of the base is the lower end of a vertical tube 6,the upper end of which has secured to it a collar 7, in which is securedthe lower end of another vertical tube 8, in the upper end of which isrotatively fitted a plug 9, in which is rigidly secured the lower end ofa laterally-curved tube 10, in which is revoluble the flexible shaft 5.The plug 9 is provided with a central vertical opening in which mayrotate the rigid spindle attached to the flexible shaft 5. Within thetubes 6 and 8 at suitable distances apart are located bearing-blocks 11,which are each provided with a central vertical opening in which ismounted the rotary shaft 4. For the purpose of deadening the noisecaused by the running of the shaft each of the blocks 11 has insertedbetween it and the tube a bushing 12, preferably of a substance similarto soft rubber.

In one side of the base 1 is provided an opening, and immediately belowthis opening a horizontal an nular plate 13 is secured within the basein any desirable manner, as by a screw-thread connection therewith.Secured in a vertical central opening in the plate 13 and extendingvertically upward therefrom is a tube 14, the upper end of which isprovided with a lateral flange for preventing vertical movement of thesleeve 16. Revoluble upon the tube 14 between the flange 15 and theplate 13 is a sleeve 16, to the lower end of which is secured a groovedpulleywheel 17, adapted to be connected by a belt with the motor used tooperate the engine. Above the pulley 17 is a rubber friction-wheel '19,centrally secured upon the sleeve 16.

The upper end of the sleeve 16 is externally screw-threaded and isprovided with a nut 18, the function of which is to secure the rubberwheel 19 upon the sleeve 16. The lower end of the tube 14 is externallyscrew-threaded and is provided with a nut 20, located in an annularrecess in the under side of the plate 13. The tube 14 is shouldered, asshown in Fig. 5, at a point just even with the upper side of the plate13, thus providing means for rigidly securing the tube 14 to the plate13 when the nut 20 is tightened. Upon the tube 14 between the sleeve 16and the plate 13 is a washer 21, which serves to prevent the sleeve orpulley from coming in contact with the plate13. The shaft4 is rotativelyfitted in the tube 14. The plate 13 is provided with one or morevertical openings, as illustrated in Fig. 9,in which maybe inserted oneor more rubber driving-wheels 22, the axis of which is horizontal. Therubber driving-wheel 22 is provided with a central shaft 23, havingsecured to it at one end a plate 24. The other end of the shaft or rod23 is screw-threaded and has fitted thereon a plate 25. The rubber wheel.22 is held securely upon the rod 23 by being compressed between the twoplates 24 and 25. Secured upon the shaft 4 below the plate 13 is a disk26, which is adapted to have its upper surface come in contact with therubber driving-wheel 22 when the shaft 4 is elevated in the mannerhereinafter described. Secured upon the driving-shaft 4 above the tube14 is a horizontal disk 27, which is provided with a downwardlyextending central tubular projection 28, the lower end of which isexternally screw-threaded. A horizontal plate, annular in form andindicated by 29, is provided with a vertical central screw-threadedopening fitted to the screw-threaded end of the tubular projection 28. Acylindrical rubber disk is provided with a central vertical openingfitting the projection 28 and is held clamped between the plate 29 andthe disk 27. The plate 29 is provided with a vertical opening throughwhich extends a vertical screw 31, which extends also through the disk30 and engages a vertical screw-threaded opening in the disk 27. Thisscrew prevents rotation between the plates 29 and 27 of the rubber disk30. The under side of the disk 30 is provided with a circular recesslarge enough to admit the nut 18, so that when the shaft 4 is loweredsufficiently the under side of the rubber disk 30 will press against theupper side of the rubber disk 19, so that the direction of motion of thedisk 19 may be imparted to the rubberdisk 30 and thereby communicated tothe drivingshaft 4. A horizontal setscrew 32 is fitted in ascrew-threaded opening through the hub, which is provided upon the upperside of the disk 27. By means of this set-screw the disk 27 may bevertically adjusted and held rigidly in the position chosen.

Secured to the shaft 4 near its upper end is a horizontal disk 33. Afriction-roller 34, adapted to be brought in contact with the under sideof the disk 33, is pivotally secured to the inner end of a lever 35,which extends through an opening in the side of the tube 8. The lever35, outside the tube 8, is pivoted by means of a screw 36 to aprojection 37 on the tube 8. Upon the side of the lever opposite to theprojection 37 is secured at one end a fiat spring 38, the free end ofwhich rests against the outer end of a pin 39, (see Fig. 10,) whichextends through an opening in the lever 35 and is adapted to have itsother end enter at different times two countersunk openings in theprojection 37. By depressing the outer end of the lever 35 the shaft 4may be raised first to the position shown in Fig 4, in which therubberdisks are separated, and then to the position shown in Fig. 5, inwhich position the disk 26 has forced the rubber driving-wheel 22against the under side of the pulley 17. By releasing the lever 35 theshaft 4 is permitted to drop until the rubber disk 30, secured thereon,is in contact with the upper side of the rubber disk 19, as illustratedin Fig. 6. In this position the wheel 22 is out of contact with theplate 26. The wheel 22 is prevented from dropping out of the opening inwhich it is located in the plate 13 by the nut 20, against the upperside of which rests the inner end of the rod 23.

WVhen it is desired to operate the engine by foot-power, a verticalwheel 40 is pivotally mounted upon a horizontal stud 41, which extendsfrom a sleeve 42, which is fitted to the exterior of the tube 6. Awasher 43 is held against the outer end of the stud 41 by means of ascrew 44, which has a screw-thread connection with a centrallongitudinal opening in the stud 41. An opening is provided in the sideof the pipe 6 for the entrance of the inner end of the screw 44, whichprevents rotation or longitudinal movement of the sleeve 42 upon thepipe 6. Within the pipe 6 and opposite to the end of the screw 44 issecured a collar 45, which serves as areinforcement to the pipe 6. Atreadle of the ordinary kind, as indipeace? a cated by 46, has one endpivotally mounted in a plate 47, which rests on the floor, and the otherend is pivotally connected with the lower end of a pitman 48, the upperend of which is pivotally' connected with a pin 49, secured to theoutside of the wheel 40. To prevent sliding of the plate a7 upon thefloor, it has connected to it the outer end of a rod 50, the inner endof which is bent and enters a vertical opening 51 in the upper side ofone of the feet 2. The inner side of the wheel a is provided \Vloh aninwardly-extending peripheral flange adapted to press against theperipheries of the rubber disks 19 and 30.

My invention is operated as follows: lVhen some power other thanfoot-power is to be used in operating the engine, the wheel 40 isremoved and a belt is connected with the driving-shaft of the motor andthe pulley 17. Motion is thus imparted from the motive mechanism to thepulley 17, which rotates upon the tube 14 through the intermediaoy ofthe sleeve 16, which carries the rubber disk 19. If it is now desirableto rotate the shaft 4, the lever 35 is released at its outer end, thuspermitting the shaft 4 to drop until the rubber disk 30 rests upon theupper side of the rubber disk 19, which by its frictional contacttherewith causes the rubber disk 30, together with the shaft 4, torevolve in the same direction as the pulley 17. The curved tubular arm10, having therein the flexible shaft 5, to the outer end of which issecured the instrument in the handpiece which is to be used, is theninserted in the upper end of the pipe 8, the inner end of the flexibleshaft being at the same time inserted in the opening in the upper end ofthe shaft at. The opening in the upper end of the shaft 4 beingotherwise than round and the tip of the flexible shaft being of the sameshape, the motion of the shaft is imparted to the flexible shaft. If itis desired to stop the rotation of the shaft 4 without stopping themotive power,the lever 35 is depressed until the spring-actuated pin 39enters the first depression in the projection 37 on the pipe 8. Thisraising of the shaft at to the first position removes the friction-diskfrom contact with the rubber disk 19 and the shaft stops rotating. If itbe now desired to rotate the shaft tin the reverse direction, the outerend of the lever is still further depressed until the pin 39 enters thesecond countersunk opening in the side of the projection 37. At thispoint the rubber wheel 22 is forced by the plate 26 against the underside of the pulley 17, which in rotating causes the wheel 22 to rotate,and this in turn causes the plate 26, together with the shaft at, torotate in the reverse direction.

If it is'desired to use the foot power instead of the motive poweroperating upon the pulley 17, the belt is removed from the pulleywheeland the wheel 40, pedal, and pitman are connected with the engine in themanner hereinbefore described. Power is then applied to the pedal, andthrough the intermediacy of the pitman and wheel 40 the rubber disks 19and 30 are rotated, together with the shaft at. As it is not necessaryto keep up a rotation of the wheel 40 when it is desired to stop theshaft 4, the mechanism for reversing or stopping the shaft t is not usedwhen the foot-power is used.

In an application filed by me on ev'en date with this one I have shownand claimed a tubular arm and flexible shaft adapted to be connected inthe same manner as in the one herein shown and described, and in thisapplication I make no claim to such construction.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secureby Letters Patent, is-

1. In a dental engine, the combination with a rotary driving-shaft, of awheel secured thereto and rotatable therewith, a wheel rotatable aroundbut independently of the driving-shaft, and means for bringing the twowheels into or out of engagement with each other, substantially asdescribed.

2. In a dental engine, the combination with a rotary drivingshaft, of awheel secured thereon and rotatable therewith, a wheel rotatable aroundbut independently of the driving-shaft, and means for imparting longitudinal motion to the driving-shaft, for the purpose of engaging ordisengaging the two wheels, substantially as described.

3. In a dental engine, the combination with a driving-shaft rotatable ina suitable support and longitudinally movable therein, of a flexibleshaft connected to'and rotatable with the driving-shaft, a wheel securedupon and rotatable with the driving'shaft, a wheel independentlyrotatable of the driving-shaft, means for rotating the second-namedwheel, and means for engaging the two wheels with each other when thedriving-shaft is moved longitudinally in its support in the properdirection, substantially as described.

at. In a dental engine, the combination with a drivingshaft rotatable ina suitable support and longitudinally movable therein, of a flexibleshaft connected to and rotatable with the drivingshaft, a wheel securedupon and rotatable with the driving-shaft, a second wheel rotatableindependently of the drivingshaft, means for imparting rotation to thesecond wheel, means for imparting rotation in the same direction to thedriving-shaft when it is moved longitudinally in one direction, andmeans for reversing the direction of rotation of the driving-shaft whenit is moved in the opposite direction longitudinally, substantially asdescribed.

5. In a dental engine, the combination with a rotary driving-shaft, of awheel secured thereon and rotatable therewith, a wheel rotatableindependently of the driving-shaft, a plate rotatable with thedriving-shaft, a roller located between the independent wheel and theplate, means for moving the driving-shaft in one direction for thepurpose of engaging the two Wheels together, and means for moving thedriving-shaft in the opposite direction for the purpose of engaging theroller with the independent wheel and the said plate, substantially asdescribed.

6. In adental engine, the combination with a rotary driving-shaft, of awheel secured to and rotatable with the driving-shaft, a plate securedto and rotatable with the drivingshaft, a wheel rotatable independentlyof the driving-shaft and located between the said plate and the firstwheel, a roller located between the independent wheel and the said plateand adapted to have a rolling connection between the two, a lever forcontrolling the lengthwise movement of the driving-shaft in oppositedirections, whereby when moved in one direction, the roller may bebrought into engagement with the independent wheel and the plate, andwhen moved in the opposite direction the independent wheel may bebrought into engagement with the wheel secured to the driving-shaft,substantially as described.

7. In a dental engine, the combination with a longitudinally-movablerotary shaft provided with a suitable support, of a drivingpulleymounted upon said support and rotatable about and independently of saidshaft, a friction-wheel secured to the shaft at one end of the saidpulley and rotatable with the driving-shaft, a plate on said shaft atthe other end of said pulley also rotatable with the driving-shaft, aroller interposed between the driving-pulley and said plate, and meanswhereby the shaft may be longitudinally shifted to alternately bring thefriction-wheel and roller in contact with the driving-pulley forreversing the rotary movement of the shaft.

8. In adental engine, the combination with a rotary driving=shaft, of aplate secured to and rotatable therewith, a driving-wheel r0- tatableindependently of the driving-shaft, a roller between the plate anddriving-wheel, and means for bringing the plate and driving-wheel in andout of revolving contact with the roller, substantially as described.

9. In a dental engine, the combination with a rotary driving-shaft, of adriving-wheel rotatable independently of the driving-shaft, a platesecured to and rotatable with the driving-shaft, a roller locatedbetween the plate and driving-wheel, and a lever pivoted to a suitablesupport and adapted to engage the driving-shaft for the purpose ofmoving the said shaft lengthwise whereby the roller is made to have arevolving contact with the plate and the driving-wheel, substantially asdescribed.

10. In a dental engine, the combination with a rotary driving-shaft, ofa wheel rotatable therewith, a wheel rotatable around but independentlyof the driving-shaft, means for preventing longitudinal movement of theindependent wheel, and means for bringing the two wheels into or out ofengagement with each other, substantially as described.

11. In a dental engine, the combination with a rotary driving-shaft, ofa driving-wheel rotatable around the driving-shaft, two devicesrotatable with the driving-shaft, means for engaging the driving-wheelwith one of the said devices for rotating the driving-shaft in onedirection, and means for engaging the driving-wheel with the otherdevice for rotating the driving-shaft in the opposite directionsubstantially as described.

12. In a dental engine, the combination with a rotary driving-shaft, ofa flexible shaft rotatable therewith, and connected thereto, adriving-wheel rotatable in a fixed plane independently of thedriving-shaft, means for imparting rotation from the driving-wheel tothe driving-shaft in one direction when the driving-shaft is moved inone direction, and means for imparting rotation to the driving-shaft inthe opposite direction when the driving-shaft is moved lengthwise in theopposite direction, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

ARTHUR J. MCDONALD. \Nitnesses:

KEENER M. IMBODEN, WARREN D. HOUSE.

